Can a Tooth Infection Spread to Jaw?
A tooth abscess is a pocket of pus that occurs from a bacterial infection. Abscesses can occur in different locations of the teeth for a variety of reasons. Typical treatment for a tooth abscess involves the dentist draining the abscess to remove the infection. Root canals can aid in preserving an infected tooth, however, infected teeth sometimes require extraction. An untreated tooth abscess may result in serious, long-term problems.
Symptoms which are common with a tooth abscess include:
- Foul odor or bad taste in the mouth
- Pain when chewing
- Problems with breathing or swallowing
- Swelling of the face, neck, or cheek
- Fever
- Sensitivity to hot and cold
- Tender or swollen lymph nodes
- Toothache
Patients with any of the above symptoms should follow up with their dentist immediately. When patients have fever or swelling, they should go directly to the emergency room. These symptoms may suggest that the condition is serious and in need of immediate treatment. In cases where patients are having trouble breathing or swallowing, this can indicate that the infection has spread. Patients should proceed to the closest emergency room.
A tooth abscess can give bacteria access to the tooth’s pulp. The pulp is the inner layer of the tooth and contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. In most cases, bacteria will enter the pulp through a chip, crack, or cavity. Once it enters, bacteria can spread quickly to the root. This results in swelling and inflammation.
Patients who meet the following criteria are at an increased risk for a tooth abscess:
- Dry mouth: Patients with a persistent dry mouth are at a higher risk for tooth decay. Saliva helps remove food and debris from the teeth. Certain types of medications, and the natural aging process can cause a dry mouth.
- Poor oral hygiene: Patients who do not practice good oral hygiene are more prone to decay, gum disease, tooth abscesses, cavities, and other issues.
- Sugar: Patients who consume large amounts of foods and drinks which are high in sugar are at an increased risk for dental cavities.
Treatment is required for a tooth abscess as it will not will not go away on its own. When an abscess ruptures, patients may experience temporarily relief from their pain. It is possible for an abscess to allow for the spread of infection to the jaw, neck, and head. Patients who have a compromised immune system are at a higher risk for the spread of infection from an abscess.
It is critical for patients to practice good oral hygiene in order to prevent issues such as an abscess and tooth decay. A good oral hygiene regimen includes brushing the teeth at least twice a day, daily flossing, and regular visits to the dentist for a professional cleaning and examination. It is also important for patients to drink plenty of water, avoid sugary foods and drinks, and eat a balanced diet to help prevent decay.
Patients with a tooth infection should follow up with their dentist as soon as possible. Prompt treatment helps prevent the spread of infection into the jaw or other parts of the body.