What does it Mean when Gums are Puffy?
Puffy, sore gums can be an important warning sign of a developing condition that needs attention. Inflammation in gum tissues – particularly when it is localized – can also be the sign of simple irritation from overexuberant brushing or flossing. So, how does one tell the difference, and what does it mean if swollen gums are the sign of something else?
Gingivitis / Gum Disease
One of the leading causes of swollen, tender gums is a form of gum disease called gingivitis. A common oral ailment among adults in the United States, gingivitis is nevertheless no minor issue; allowed to progress without treatment, gingivitis can turn into more advanced forms of gum disease called periodontitis and advanced periodontitis. At these stages, tooth and even bone health can be compromised, leading to long-term challenges and complications.
Happily, gingivitis can be very effectively treated in a dentist’s office; more often than not, it requires nothing more than a thorough cleaning by a dental hygienist. In some cases of more advanced gingivitis, it may be necessary to do a more comprehensive cleaning that can be performed in a single session. Once completed, however, you can rest assured that your oral health is back on track again – caught early, that’s all it takes to reverse gum disease.
For this reason, it is imperative that you see a dentist if you have puffy, sore, or even bleeding gums that persist for longer than a few days. If it is indeed a sign of the beginnings of gum disease, you’ll want to be evaluated and treated right away.
Improper Brushing and Flossing
Improper brushing and flossing can also cause sore, inflamed gums. While it is important to be seen by your dentist to rule out the possibility of gingivitis, which is exceedingly common, you may also want to take a closer look at your oral hygiene regime. Ensure that you are using a soft-bristled toothbrush and that you aren’t brushing with excessive force; using a toothbrush with harder bristles or simply applying too much force can be irritating to the sensitive soft tissues of the gums.
Other Causes of Puffy Gums
A variety of other causes can lead to sore and swollen gums. It could be a sign of a vitamin deficiency, a hormone shift, or even a symptom of certain medications or medical treatments.
Chemotherapy, for example, is a treatment that is known to cause inflamed gums that may be sore and bleed. Birth control pills, as well, can cause changes to hormone levels that can in turn affect oral tissues. Even pregnancy can cause puffy gums, particularly during the second and third trimesters. If you are currently pregnant, taking birth control pills, or undergoing chemotherapy, swollen gums might not necessarily be a surprise; however, it is always a good idea to be seen by a trusted dentist to have gum disease ruled out. Better safe than sorry, especially as gum disease in the later stages can be treated to some extent but not reversed.